The Importance of History Essay -- essays research papers

What is history? Should we study history? Who creates history? Is history relevant? The definition of history, is a question which has sparked international debate for centuries between the writers, readers, and the makers of history. It is a vital topic which should be relevant in our lives because it?s important to acknowledge past events that have occurred in our world that deeply influences the present. This essay will discuss what history is, and why we study it. History is the study of past events leading up to the present day. It is a research, a narrative, or an account of past events and developments that are commonly related to a person, an institution, or a place. It is a branch of knowledge that records and analyzes past happenings. Focusing on the people involved in a time, place, and series of events makes history. It?s from social and cultural conditions as well as political and economical events. Within the topic of history, there is historiography which refers to the study of historical study. It is historical analysis examining the principles, theories, writings and uses of historical methods. History based on the past, or describing people who lived in the past or events that happened in the past. Historical study often focuses on events and progress that occur in particular blocks of time in order to organize ideas. Names given to a period can vary with geographical location as can the dates of the start and end of a particular period. History can also be classified in/to social sciences and humanities. Outside fields of study, such as economics, philosophy, archeology, anthropology, and geography are common sub topics in global history. History is created by a historical entity/figure that ha... ...nd memorization of dates which is why it?s usually at the bottom of students' favorite subjects We can't learn from either our mistakes or our achievements if we don't know our History. In conclusion, knowing the History of others is important to understand where they're coming from. Knowing where you come from is one of the best ways of knowing where you are going. History helps us progress because we know what to avoid and what to aspire for. Perhaps if more people took the time to do this, there would be less conflict, anger and hatred in the world. Someday now will be history. So if now is not relevant, neither is history and vice versa. Or looking as many historians do, If we don't pay attention to the past and learn from history, we are bound to repeat the mistakes we made in the past. "Those who cannot learn from history are condemned to repeat it."

Marketing Project on Nokia Essay

Introduction: Nokia is a world leader in mobile phone industry, but its market share has recently been diminished by tough competition in the smart phone market. It targeted rural markets with mobile phones that are affordable and, the mobile phones were not only for the communication but also for varied purposes like torch light, radio etc. Farmers use it during nights as a torch light. Nokia was able to fully penetrate and conquer the still untapped rural mobile phone market. Nokia plans to conquer the untapped rural market by providing additional services like information on agriculture, microfinance, weather reports. Background: In 1865, an engineer named Fredrik Idestam established a wood-pulp mill and started manufacturing paper in southern Finland near the banks of a river. Those were the days when there was a strong demand for paper in the industry, the company’s sales achieved its high-stakes and Nokia grew faster and faster. The Nokia exported paper to Russia first and then to the United Kingdom and France. The Nokia factory employed a fairly large workforce and a small community grew around it. In southern Finland a community called Nokia still exists on the riverbank of Emà ¤koski. Finnish Rubber Works, a manufacturer a Rubber goods, impressed with the hydro-electrcity produced by the Nokia wood-pulp (from river Emà ¤koski), merged up and started selling goods under the brand name on Nokia. After World War II, it acquired a major part of the Finnish Cable Worksshares. The Finnish Cable Works had grown quickly due to the increasing need for power transmission and telegraph and telephone networks in the World War II. Gradually the ownership of the Rubber Works and the Cable Works companies consolidated. In 1967, all the 3 companies merged-up to form the Nokia Group. The Electronics Department generated 3 % of the Group’s net sales and provided work for 460 people in 1967, when the Nokia Group was formed. In the beginning of 1970, the telephone exchanges consisted of electro-mechanical analog switches. Soon Nokia successfully developed the digital switch (Nokia DX 200) thereby replacing the prior electro mechanical analog switch. The Nokia DX 200 was embedded with high-level computer language as well as Intel microprocessors which in turn allowed computer-controlled telephone exchanges to be on the top and which is till date the basis for Nokia’s netwok in infrastucture Introduction of mobile network began enabling the Nokia production to invent the Nordic Mobile Telephony(NMT), the world’s very first multinational cellular network in 1981. The NMT was later on introduced in other countries. Very soon Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), a digital mobile telephony, was launched and Nokia started the development of GSM phones. Beginning of the 1990 brought about an economic recession in Finland. (Rumour has it that Nokia was offered to the Swedish telecom company Ericsson during this time which was refused) Due to this Nokia increased its sale of GSM phones that was enormous. This was the main reason for Nokia to not only be one of the largest but also the most important companies in Finland. As per the sources, in August 1997, Nokia supplied GSM systems to 59 operators in 31countries. Slowly and steadily, Nokia became a large television manufacturer and also the largest information technology company in the Nordic countries. During the economic recession the Nokia was committed to telecommunications. The 2100 series of the production was so successful that inspite of its goal to sell 500,000 units, it marvellously sold 20 million. Presently, Nokia is the number 1 production in digital technologies, it invests 8.5% of net sales in research and development. Also has its annual Nokia Game. Between 1992 and 1996, the company exited from the rubber and cable businesses as well Nokia in india: Nokia entered the Indian market in 1994. The first ever GSM call in India was made on a Nokia 2110 mobile phone on its own network in 1995. When Nokia entered India, the telecom policies were not conducive to the growth of the mobile phone industry. The tariffs levied on importing mobile phones were as high as 27%, usage charges were at Rs.16 per minute and, at these high rates, consumers did not take to mobile phones. Nokia also had to face tough competition from other powerful global players like Motorola, Sony, Siemens and Ericsson, Samsung, reliance. ————————————————- The Indian Mobile Phones IndustryThe mobile phones industry made a slow start in India in 1995. Several private players who had entered the industry in 1995 exited in the next few years due to the unfriendly telecom policies of the Indian government, high licensing fees and absence of a proper telecom regulatory body. The growth in the subscriber base of mobile phones remained sluggish initially, reaching the 1 million milestone in 1998. In 1999, the Government of India announced a new telecom policy. This policy planned to provide telephones on demand by 2002.| Among other things, the policy allowed unrestricted private entry into almost all mobile service sectors. The government allowed cellular mobile service providers to share infrastructure with other operators. It also allowed existing operators to migrate from fixed license fee to one-time entry fee with revenue sharing. This policy helped many private operators to break even faster. By 2001, the demand for mobile services was growing well. The private companies concentrated on providing basic telephone services to consumers. The number of mobile phones crossed five million by 2001 and doubled to 10 million in 2002†¦

Napoleon Bonaparte: Good Or Bad Essay

Napoleon Bonaparte was not a good leader and although he did help France he was too bloodthirsty and arrogant to be considered a good ruler. He did gain much land and wealth for France however; there was too much bloodshed involved. He said that he did not care how much blood was spilled as long as he got his way and won he was fine with death. This shows that he has no concern for the people of France and would throw away their lives so that he could come out victorious. One cannot be considered a great leader unless he is a leader of the people and although the country may be wealthy that doesn’t necessarily mean that the French people are happy. In addition Napoleon was also very arrogant, a trait that eventually led to his downfall. His invasion of Russia was a mixture of his arrogance and greed that eventually lead to the death of almost all of his troops and his downfall. That downfall caused the deaths of hundreds of thousands of men in the army and also burned Russia to the ground and brought France plummeting downward. Altogether although Napoleon gave France wealth he would not be considered a great due to the amount of bloodshed under his reign.

Boeing’s E-Enabled Advantage

Case Study _Boeing’s e-Enabled Advantage_ The Boeing Company is a major aerospace and defense corporation, founded by William E. Boeing in Seattle, Washington. Its international headquarters has been in Chicago, Illinois since 2001. Boeing is the largest global aircraft manufacturer by revenue, orders and deliveries and the second largest aerospace and defense contractor in the world. Boeing is the largest exporter by value in the United States. Boeing acquired this efficient aerospace technology through companies like Rockwell and McDonnell Douglas. They thus increased the number of contracts in the defense aircraft industry and now stood a better chance in the market. Boeing had to eliminate wastage and step up efficiency to cut unnecessary costs. So the procedures of parts ordering and scheduling were reshuffled. Additional proficient inventory management was necessary. The manufacturing process experienced a major change and there was less production delays than before which not only helped in keeping an efficient flow when it came to their supply chain but also helped in better customer service which of course helped them hold on to crucial market share. Gaining market share of course hugely elevated their problems of losing customers or market share to Airbus (who in order to turn away customers from Boeing had initially adopted the strategy to lower prices of their products). Of course the customers were airline companies. Boeing’s success depended directly on the success of those airline companies. The e-enabling architecture of the system has four underlying components: The Connexion by Boeing broadband data and Internet services system. Bibliography

Business Environment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Environment - Assignment Example On the manufacturers side of equation the pricing and output decisions are determined by the quantity demanded. Hence, we can assume with much use of common sense that an increase in the price of Coca Cola would eventually lead to a decrease in its quantity demanded. The same fact can be illustrated by the use of the demand curve that has a downward slope (Figure 1) which signifies that greater the increase in the price of the entity, lower will be the quantity demanded. In other words price and quantity demanded are inversely proportional (Management Study Guide, 2008). The supply side of business also plays a major role in determining the output decisions. Supply decisions are primarily dependent on the profit potential. Building upon this factor we can verify that an increase in the market price of a product would lead to an increase in the supply of it in pursuit of a greater profit potential (Riley, 2006). This goes on to show that the supply of the products of a business is directly proportional to the price of the product (Case Karl E., 2009). The supply curve is hence upward sloping (Figure 1). There is however always a constraint in terms of the extent to which the business can expand its supply side as it either may be restricted by its scale of operations or the capacity or resources in the short run. Nevertheless, the business can expand its operations’ scale after having accumulated enough wealth in the long run (Harper, 2010). At anyone instant, the market can be subject to one of the following three conditions: Demand Excess (qu antity demanded > quantity supplied at current price) Supply Excess (quantity supplied > quantity demanded at current price) Equilibrium (quantity demanded = quantity supplied at current market price) These three market conditions also play a major role in determining the output and pricing decisions of the business because if there an excess demand then there is a tendency for the price of the product to increase as the demanders would be in competition to gain the limited supplies. If however, the market conditions are on the excess supply side of equations then the prices are likely to decline. If there equilibrium in the market place then no price change would occur (Investopedia, 2011). Figure 1 SECTION B The basic forces of demand, supply and price fluctuations are the ones that govern the organizational responses in all sorts of businesses be it related to medicine, or farming, or production of shoes or computers. All the businesses play to their cards to these forces. The ma rket is governed by the behaviour of both the producer and consumer sides of picture (Basic Economics, 2011). Having elaborated in section 1, we can now reasonably presume that a decrease in price is likely to increase the demand of the product. That is, if at the rate of making a call was 6$, a hypothetical person named Paul would call his mother in another town only once. But if the price if dropped to 3$ per call then Paul would be able to make double the amount of calls on the same price increasing the utility of it. On the other hand, one can take the example of a telecom company named Warid in Pakistan. Having noticed that the call rate at the night time was low and their profit margins were relatively less at that period of time, the company introduced a new ‘Glow’ package offering its customer base to make a call for 3 PKR per hour from 12AM to 7AM which would otherwise cost four times more without this offer (Warid, 2011). As a result of this,

Political Science- Indigenous Autonomy and State Development Tensions Research Paper

Political Science- Indigenous Autonomy and State Development Tensions - Research Paper Example Examining the different effects which this has as well as how it can be altered to begin to incorporate different concepts within both areas then provides alternatives to ensure that there is more unity between the two populations while creating a stronger balance with both the indigenous and state populations. The difficulties which are occurring in Latin America between the state and indigenous populations are based specifically on the agenda of both and the identity which both holds. The indigenous populations have specific issues with the development of the country into modern terms. This is taking away the identity, cultural affiliations and basic rights of the indigenous population and the beliefs which they hold. At the same time, the state is being pressured to continue to develop and open the country for different activities that can stimulate the economy, communities and other objectives that are within politics. The pressures which are arising have come from the belief that the indigenous populations are becoming oppressed with the actions of the state while losing both identity and culture in Latin America. This is being developed specifically by the political movements, social conflicts and the pressures to establish new components within the country (Sieder, 29). The problem which is a part of the indigenous and state cultures of Latin America needs to find new solutions for both development and preservation of the cultures which are associated in given regions. The question of whether corporate social responsibility is one which can be used to alter the tensions in the region then become associated with the culture and affiliations with Latin America. The ideology of corporate social responsibility is one which requires businesses recognizing the indigenous cultures and needs within the general population. The actions which take place are then developed to help those which are in

A report based on an international HRM case study Essay

A report based on an international HRM case study - Essay Example Moreover, an analysis of recruitment as well as training policies of both of these societies has been performed. Furthermore, payment and reward procedure as well as structure are indentified in both of these societies. All these analyses will assist the HRM of the company in determining the best location among a particular Scandinavian country and the US in relation to cultural values as well as recruitment and training process along with payment and rewards. Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Table of Contents 3 Introduction 4 Cultural Values 5 Recruitment and Training 9 Payment and Reward 13 Recommendations and Conclusion 14 References 16 Introduction An electronics company is planning to establish a manufacturing plant. The company develops electronics to be utilised by the mobile phone industry worldwide. Moreover, the company is required to decide the suitable location for setting up its manufacturing plant. The company has planned to develop its manufacturing unit either in the United States of America (USA) or in a Scandinavian country which comprises Norway, Denmark, Sweden as well as Finland. As a Human Resource Manager (HRM) of the company, decisions are required to be proposed for better implementation of HR polices as well as practices. Furthermore, with better HR policies as well as practices, local employees of these two regions will be managed as well as be recruited for effective performance of the company. Globalisation and advancement of technology have increased competition in the global market. Moreover, with intense competition, HRMs of companies have acquired an important place to perform business operations both at national as well as in international markets in an effective manner (Edward & Rees, 2007). Furthermore, HRMs of companies are required to be managed efficiently as well as channelize in the right procedures to operate business operations with effectiveness (Kondalkar, 2007). Human Resource Management (HRM) provides policies as well as procedures for managing as well as directing employees in order to accomplish goals of a company effectively. HRM of the companies are involved with recruiting as well as selecting appropriate individuals for performing business operations of in an efficient manner (Harzing & Pinnington, 2010). Moreover, with effective HRM policies as well as procedures, employees of companies are facilitated with better training facilities as well as are motivated towards improving their performance (Johnson, 2009). The report will emphasize on the cultural values of the societies discussed i.e. Scandinavia and the USA in terms of especially employment practices. Moreover, recruitment practices to be followed by the company as well as the extent of training facilities required to be provided to the employees of these countries will also be recognised through the report. Furthermore, the most common payment as well as reward systems prevalent in the USA and in Scandinavian countries will also be observed. The report based on the overall assessment will emphasize on determining the most suitable location for establishing the manufacturing plant for the electronics company. Cultural Values The US is multicultural society where people of the society believe in equality. The US comprises varied races as well as cultures. Moreover, the culture of the country believes in ethnicity as well as the country is considered to be the third largest country